Biography
Surkan Mela Bas Born in 1920 in the Mergesori district of Erbil province, he studied in the Soviet Union and received a diploma in agricultural mechanics. He married Maria in the Soviet Union, and they had a son and a daughter named Rasul and Rasmiya. Surkan was founded in a sugar factory in Mosul in 1959 after returning from the Soviet Union. In 1975, after the defeat of the September Revolution He returned to his village and then went to Erbil, where he continued his work as a well-digger. He moved his house to the village of Mawiliyan. In 1980, he was dismissed from his job by the Iraqi government for not being a Beisi. He spoke both Kurdish and Russian. He passed away in the village of Mawiliyan in 1989 and was buried there.
Worksheet
He joined the Second Barzan Revolution in 1943, participated in the capture of the Marghera police station on August 8, 1945, and on August 19, 1945, by the decision of the Iraqi Military Court, all his movable and immovable property was confiscated. On October 11, 1945, after the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he became a peshmerga in the Barzani forces of the Kurdistan Democratic Republic Army in Mahabad, participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in the Kurdistan Democratic Republic, and on April 29 of the same year, he participated in the Battle of Qarawa in the Saqqez region.
After the collapse of the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan on March 19, 1947, he participated in the battles of Nexeda and Shino, and was one of the peshmerga who returned to the Sherwan and Mizuri regions via Khwakurk and the Berazgir Plain on April 19, 1947, via Northern Kurdistan.
After their return, General Mustafa Barzani On May 15, 1947, he held a meeting with his friends in the village of Ergoş and discussed whether to stay or go to the Soviet Union. All his comrades decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 22, 1947, he and General Mustafa Barzani He went to the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of the Qatur Valley and the Battle of Mako Bridge. After many hardships and difficulties, he crossed the Aras River on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union into the Soviet Union on June 18, 1947.
After their arrival in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, they and all their friends were placed in a closed camp surrounded by barbed wire in the city of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan Republic, for forty days, guarded by a group of soldiers and treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing and transportation. Then, by decision of the Soviet state, they were divided into the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulax and Kalbajar in Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a military base on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Azerbaijan Republic, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and uniforms and underwent 8 hours of military training a day under the supervision of officers of the Azerbaijan Republic. At the same time, they received four hours of Kurdish language lessons a day from some of their educated friends.
After the disastrous leadership of Jafar Bakirov and his comrades, a decision was made on August 29, 1948, to transfer the military camp from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Chirchuk community near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.
In March 1949, he and his friends were sent by train to the villages of the Soviet Union and worked on collective farms (land that people had taken from the state and then paid a share to the government).
After much effort and sending several letters from General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani spoke about the suffering of his friends, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's friends. In the end, the committee decided to gather them all in the city of Vribisky, so the delegation went to the city of Vribisky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.
After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, a general amnesty was granted to him and his companions in accordance with Articles 3 and 7 and paragraph (a) of Article 10 and Article 11 of Amendment Act No. 19 of 1959.
In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the leadership of Abdulkarim Qasim, and on April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his friends on the Georgian ship via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.
Surkan Mela Bas participated in 1961 September Revolution He was a sergeant and participated in the battles of Helbet, Jajokê, Zozik and Goretu. He was wounded twice during his time as a Peshmerga.
Source:
- Hamid Gerdi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Hewlêr - Aras Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
- Heyder Farouq Al-Samarayi, Dhia Caafer and his political and economic role in Iraq, (London - Dar Al-Hikma - 2016).
- Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Hewlêr - Rojhelat Press - 2013).
- Omar Faruqi, the wise leader of the life and struggle of Nemir Mullah Mustafa Barzani, 2nd edition, (Hewlêr - Ministry of Education Press - 2002).
- Abdulrahman Mulla Habib Abubakir, The Barzan Tribe Between 1931 - 1991, Edition 1, (Hewlêr - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001).
- Abdullah Khafur, Dictionary of the Geography of Erbil, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Publishing House - 2015).
- Karwan Muhammad Majid, Barzani from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, 1st edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Peywend Press - 2011).
- Hetaw Magazine, Issue 154, Year 6, Hewlêr, Kurdistan Printing House, Friday, 15.04.1959.
- In memory of the martyred commander-in-chief Heso Mirxan Jajoki, 62 days with Barzani, the departure of the Barzani family to the Soviet Union, first edition (Hewlêr - Rewşenbîrî Press - 1997).
- Leyth Abdul Mohsen Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The Revolution of July 14, 1958 in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rasheed Publishing House - 1979).
- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931 - 1958, (Duhok - Xebat Press - 1998).
- Najaf Quli Pisyan, from the bloody Mahabad to the banks of the Aras, ed. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, 1st edition, (Pîrmam - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).
- Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Committee Archives.
