Biography
Mustafa Khosnaw was born in 1912 in the Betwate area, completed his primary education in Koy and secondary education in Erbil, and in 1931 was accepted into the Teachers' College in Baghdad. After completing his studies in Halabja, he became a teacher. In 1934, he joined the Baghdad Military College and graduated from the Military College on June 3, 1936 with the rank of second lieutenant. In 1939, he married Zekiya Faraj and they had three daughters and a son.
After the collapse of the Kurdistan Republic, he returned to Iraq in 1947 and was imprisoned in Baghdad's central prison. His pregnant wife visited him in prison. Mustafa Khoshnaw He asks her to name their child Azad if it is a boy. A month and a half after his execution, Azad is born on August 2, 1947.
Worksheet
Mustafa Khoshnaw He was one of the Kurdish officers who was appointed by the Iraqi government on December 25, 1944, as the liaison officer between the government and the Second Barzan Revolution (1943-1945). At the same time, he was secretly assigned by the Hiwa Party to coordinate the relationship between the party and the revolution, and then joined the ranks of the revolution. After the failure of the negotiations and changes in the cabinet of Nuri Said and Hamdi Pachechi replaced him, the government decided to return its officers to the army. With the consent of the leadership of the revolution, he returned to the Iraqi army from Barzan. After two months, he received permission and returned to Kurdistan. The government suspected that he might go to the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad. He was aware that the government was watching him, so he decided to stay in Barzan.
At this time, the government, through Mirhaj Ahmed, requested Mustafa Khoshnaw He was forced to return to the military, but after two months he was discharged from the Iraqi army and an arrest warrant was issued by the Iraqi Ministry of Defense. The Hiwa Party informed him of this order and he managed to escape from Baghdad and later joined the ranks of the revolution in Barzan.
On December 15, 1945, the Freedom Committee was established at the suggestion of Mustafa Barzani. Mustafa Khoshnaw He was one of the members of the Founding Committee, after the suspension of the peace talks with the government and the anticipation of the resumption of enemy attacks, on February 10, 1945, at the meeting of the Freedom Committee and by the decision of Mustafa Barzani, Commander-in-Chief of the Revolutionary Armed Forces, he was appointed to command the Mergasor-Rwandze Defense Front, in order to prevent military clashes and by order of Mustafa Barzani, on March 4, 1945. Mustafa Khoshnaw wrote a warning letter to the Commander-in-Chief of the Iraqi Army, Rafiq Arif, as follows: “After the salute, we were informed by our men that you intend to attack us on the morning of March 5, 1945 in the name of Minaret. We will inform you! We say in advance: Whatever happens in this regard is not our fault and we are not guilty. Signature, Mustafa Khoshnaw"
In this way, the war was halted until June 10, 1945, when Wali Beg was martyred in the courtyard of the Mergasur police headquarters and the war began again. On October 11, 1945, after the end of the Second Barzan Revolution, the envoy accompanied Mustafa Barzani to the Republic of Kurdistan, where he was stationed in the republic, Naqib. Mustafa Khoshnaw He became the commander of the second battalion of the Barzan forces, which consisted of three battalions. Later, by order of the leadership, he was promoted to the rank of Muqaddim.
In 1946, he participated in most of the battles to defend the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan. After the collapse of the republic and his return to the Iran-Iraq border on April 10, 1947, he was one of the officers who surrendered to the government. He was first taken to Erbil and then transferred to Baghdad's central prison, where he was imprisoned with his comrades. The decision was that he would not be executed, but in a fake court, the execution order was secretly carried out. Before the execution, he wrote a will to the people with three of his comrades, in which he reiterated his stance for the freedom of the country. The next day, despite the restrictions on public access, he was buried in the Seywan Hill cemetery in Sulaymaniyah.
Source:
- Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Committee Archives.
- History of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, Congress and Conference (Program and Internal Regulations), Encyclopedia Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, volume 1, (Hewlêr - Roksana Press - 2021).
- Habib Muhammad Karim, History of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq (Main Points) 1946-1993, (Duhok - Xebat Press - 1998).
- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement, Volume 1, 1931-1958, (Hewlêr-2012).
- Merouf Qaradaxi, Barzan and its secrets, (Baghdad, Ma'arif Press, 1959).
