Reason to organize
On June 10, 1963, the attack on Kurdistan began again and the regime sent all its armed forces to the battlefields. In these attacks, the regime also received assistance from regional forces in the area. The Turkish and Iranian air forces, which were members of the (SENTO Agreement), were allowed to cross the Iraqi border and bombard the Peshmerga bases. The Syrian Army entered Iraqi territory by land and assisted the Iraqi army in Badinan. International powers such as the Soviet Union and Britain began to assist the Iraqi army.
The Kurdistan Army opened many fronts to defend itself and resisted attacks. During this period, several letters were sent by President Mustafa Barzani to the KDP Political School, requesting Ibrahim Ahmed, the party secretary, and the political school to carry out several attacks on army forces in their regions. However, the Political School, especially Ibrahim Ahmed, did not respond to their requests and even prevented those commanders who attacked government forces without their consent. This behavior created a coldness between President Mustafa Barzani and Ibrahim Ahmed.
On November 18, 1963, the Ba'ath government was overthrown by the army. After the coup, Abdulsalam Arif seized power and directly called on the leadership of the revolution to negotiate. In December 1963, after President Mustafa Barzani consulted with the political school, negotiations began and the governor of Sulaymaniyah, Colonel Abdulrezaq Mahmoud, came to Rania as a government representative and met with President Mustafa Barzani, Jalal Talabani, and Nuri Shawis, members of the political school. During the meetings, an agreement was reached between the two sides and the government announced the Declaration of the Agreement of February 10, 1964, stating that (the state recognizes the national rights of the Kurds).
On February 17, 1964, Ibrahim Ahmed, Seyid Aziz Shamzini, and Omar Mustafa Dabba came to Sengeser and met with President Barzani, and the result of the meeting was that all parties agreed on the February 10 agreement. After a week in Sengeser, Ibrahim Ahmed and his friends returned to Mawat and there they resumed their opposition, resulting in a large number of commanders and Peshmerga fighters leaving Mawat and going to President Barzani in Sengeser to explain the political school plan to President Barzani. After the arrival of the Peshmerga commanders, President Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with them and after consultation decided to remove all commanders who followed the Political School and replace them with other reliable commanders. The commanders who were expelled were Jalal Talabani, Omar Mustafa Debabe, Ali Askari, and Kamal Mufti. In response, Ibrahim Ahmed and the Political School held the Mawet conference on April 9, 1964, and decided to suspend Mustafa Barzani from the party leadership.
Since the decision to remove President Mustafa Barzani, the Peshmerga forces were divided into two fronts and the High Committee for Coordination and Supervision proposed holding the sixth congress to protect the unity of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP). For this purpose, it visited the headquarters of the Political School in Mawet and the President's Headquarters in Sengeser and as a result, President Mustafa Barzani agreed to hold the congress, but the political school did not support the congress.
Organizing a congress
The congress was held from July 1 to 7, 1964 in the city of Qaladiz with the participation of 639 members. At the beginning of the congress on July 1, President Mustafa Barzani ordered a delegation of twelve congress representatives, including Ismail Mullah Aziz, Ali Hajar, Majid Atroshi, Ahmed Atroshi, Fatih Muhammad Amin, Jalal Mahmud Beg Shiwani and others, to visit Mawet in order for the Mawat meeting group to participate in the congress and present their problems at the congress. However, they refused to participate in the congress. Although the congress was postponed for several days, it resumed its work and several decisions were made, the most important of which were the establishment of the Revolutionary Leadership Council, the rejection of the decisions of the Mawat conference, and the expulsion of fourteen members of the leadership from the ranks of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, namely Ibrahim Ahmed, Nouri Shawis, Omar Mustafa Debabe, Seyid Aziz Shamzini, Jalal Talabani, Ali Hamdi, Abdulrahman Zebihy, Ali Askari, Ahmed Abdullah, Hilmi Ali Sharif, Muhammad Haji Tahir and Mullah Abdullah Ismail (Mullah Mator), Nouri Ahmed Taha and Ali Abdullah.
President Mustafa Barzani was unanimously re-elected as the President of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) and a new central committee of the party was elected, 14 of whom were directly elected by the members of the congress. Three people were appointed by the president to the presidency, namely Mustafa Qaradaxi, Muhammad Amin Muhammad Ali and Omar Sharif. The members of the congress entrusted the election of these members to the president.
The new central committee consisted of the following people:
1. Mustafa Barzani, President
2. Habib Muhammad Karim, secretary
3. Dr. Mehmud Osman
4. Salih Yusfi
5. Aziz Akrey
6. Dr. Fuad Celal
7. Yadullah Feyli
8. Ali Shengali
9. Naaman Isa Sharif
10. Ismail Arif
11. Hashim Akreyi
12. Ismail Mela Aziz
13. Sheikh Muhammad Harsin
14. Mustafa Qardaxi
15. Muhammad Amin Muhammad Ali
16. Omar Sharif
17. Ramazan Akrey
18. Fatih Muhammad Amin.
Then the central committee, headed by Mustafa Barzani, elected members of the political school and the secretary, which consisted of Habib Muhammad Karim - secretary, Dr. Mahmud Osman, Mustafa Qeredaxi, Ismail Arif and Hashim Ekreyi. The Supreme Committee for Evaluation and Supervision was directly elected by the members of the congress, which consisted of Shawkat Haji Ali, Faris Koramarki, Muhammad Qadir, Sabri Botani, Muhammad Salih Haji and Muhammad Heydar Muhammad Hussein.
The congress also elected a new leadership and approved its program and internal regulations.
Source:
- Massoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement, 1958-1961, Volume II, (2012).
- Salah El-Khirsan, Political Aviation in Kurdistan and Iraq, The History of the Movement and the Kurdish Parties in Iraq 1946-2001, (Beirut- El-Belax Press- 2001).
- Shaqib Aqrawî, Sanawat Al-mihneh Fî Kurdistan, ehem Al-ehdas Al-siyasîyeh wa Al-eskerîyeh Fî Kurdistan We Al-Iraq Min 1958- 1980, Al-tebe Al-saniyeh, (Erbil- Matbet Al-minareh- 2007).
- Habib Muhammad Karim, History of the Democratic Party of Kurdistan-Iraq (in the period of its leadership 1946 - 1993), (Dohuk - Xebat Press - 1998.
- Nizar Xeylanî, As'ed Xeylanî opens his memories, (Hewlêr - Bedirxan Publishing House - Hêvî Press - 2014).
- Abdulstar Tahir Sharif, Struggle with Life: Memories 1971-1935, Volume 1, (Kirkuk - Arabxa Press - 2005).
- Hussein Muhammad Aziz, Five Hours with Braim Ahmed, Sulaymaniyah, Sima Publishing House, 3rd edition, 2002.
- Ali Sinjar, Al-Qeziye Al-Kurdiyeh and Hizb Al-Bays Al-Arabi Al-Ishtrakî Fi Al-Ireq Al-Juzi Al-Sani (Duhok - Metbet Xanî. 2012).
- Shakib Aqrawî, Senewat Elmehne Fî Kurdistan, Eihem Elhewadis Siyasî We Eskerî Fî Kurdistan We Eliraq Mn 1958 Ela 1980, Eltebaa Sani, (Erbil- Metbeat Manara - 2007).
- History of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, Congress and Conference (Program and Internal Regulations), Volumes I and II, (Hewlêr- Rojhelat Publishing House- 2021).
