the biography
He was born in 1918 in the village of Babsifa, which belongs to the Barzan district of the Mergasur district in Erbil Governorate. He married before moving to the Soviet Union. His wife’s name was Perin Issa Goran, and they had a son named Mustafa Salim (1944). He disappeared on July 31, 1983, during the Anfal operation against the Barzanis by the Iraqi government in the Qushtapa complex.
Salem Rashid studied in the Soviet Union and obtained a bachelor’s degree in the Department of Agriculture. He married a woman named Zahra in the Soviet Union. After returning to Iraq in 1959, he was appointed as an employee in the Sulaymaniyah Agriculture Department, and was later transferred to the Barzan Agriculture Department.
He was transferred in 1980 to the Qushtapa complex, then re-employed in the Erbil Agriculture Department. He was fluent in Kurdish, Arabic and Russian languages and died on October 28, 2006.
pages of struggle
In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolt and participated in the capture of the police stations of Shenkil, Bidarun, Kani Rash, and Beli. On October 2, 1943, he participated in the capture of the Shandar police station, on October 12, 1943, he participated in the capture of the Khirzok police station, on November 10, 1943, he participated in the capture of the Mazni police station, and on August 8, 1945, he participated in the capture of the Mergasur police station. On August 19, 1945, all his movable and immovable property was confiscated by order of the Iraqi Military Court. On October 11, 1945, after the setback of the Second Barzan Revolt, he moved to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he joined Barzani's forces of the Kurdistan Democratic Republic Army in Mahabad. On April 29, 1946, he participated in the Battle of Qarawa in the Saqqez region of Eastern Kurdistan, where he sustained a hand injury.
After the collapse of the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan on March 19, 1947, he participated in the battles of Naghda and Shino, and was among the Peshmerga who returned on April 19, 1947, to the Shirwan and Mazuri regions via (Khwakurk and the Barazkara Plain) through the lands of northern Kurdistan.
Upon their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his comrades in the village of Arkush on May 15, 1947, and gave them the choice of staying or going to the Soviet Union. There, all his comrades decided to continue their journey to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, they accompanied General Mustafa Barzani to the Soviet Union, participating in the battles of Qatur and the Maku Bridge. After great hardship and exhaustion, they crossed the Aras River on June 18, 1947, which forms the border between Iran and the Soviet Union.
After arriving in the Soviet Union on June 19, 1947, he and all his comrades were detained in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan, for forty days in an open compound surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by soldiers. They were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and transportation. Subsequently, by order of the Soviet government, they were distributed to the Aghdam, Lachin, Ayvalakh, and Kalbajar regions of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. On December 23, they received their military uniforms and underwent eight hours of daily military training under the supervision of Azerbaijani officers. At the same time, they received four hours of daily Kurdish language lessons from some of their more educated comrades.
After Jafar Bagirov's mistreatment of his comrades, Barzani decided to move his military compound from Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Gurjuk compound near the Uzbek capital, Tashkent, where they continued their military training.
In March 1949, he and his comrades were distributed in groups by train to cooperative villages in the Soviet Union and worked on kolkhoz farms (land that people rented from the government and then paid a share of to the government).
After great efforts and sending several letters from General Barzani to Stalin, Stalin finally received a letter in which Barzani spoke about the suffering of his comrades, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani’s comrades. The committee’s final decision was that they should be gathered in the city of Frivsky, so in November 1951 he went to the Soviet city of Frivsky.
Following the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani on February 25, 1959, a general amnesty included Barzani and his companions according to Articles (3 and 7) and Paragraph (a) of Article (10), and the application of Article (11) based on Law No. (19) as amended in 1959.
The Republic of Iraq was founded in 1958 under the leadership of Abdul Karim Qasim, and on April 16, 1959, he returned with his companions to Kurdistan on board the ship Crusia via the port of Basra in southern Iraq.
In 1961, he participated in the September Revolution and in the battles of Ma’id, Nahli, Mulla, Shandar, Sari Birs and Darit Qarja between Bali and Rizan. He was deported in 1975 after the setback of the September Revolution by the Iraqi government to southern Iraq and was settled in the Al-Shafa’a area in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate.
Sources
1. Hamid Gardi, Summary of Historical Pages, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Foundation for Printing and Publishing)
2. Haider Farouk Al-Samarrai, Diaa Jaafar and his political and economic role in Iraq, (London - Dar Al-Hikma - 2016).
3. Shaaban Ali Shaaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rozhlat Press - 2013 AD).
4. Saleh Yousef Soufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press, 2013).
5. Omar Faruqi, Sardar Dana Zindagi and the duels of the late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Chap Dom, (Holler - Chap Khaneh and Zarat Amozesh and Parrush - 2002g).
6. Abdul Rahman Al-Mulla Habib Abu Bakr, The Barzan Tribe between 1931 - 1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001 AD).
7. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviets, First Edition (Sulaymaniyah - Baywand Press - 2011 AD).
8. Hetaw Magazine, Issue 154, Year 6, Erbil, Kurdistan Press, Friday, April 15, 1959.
9. From the memoirs of the martyred leader Hassan Mirkhan Zazouki, 62 days with Barzani, The Barzanis went to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Al-Thaqafa Press - 1997 AD).
10. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok, Khabat Press, 1998).
11. Najaf Qoli Basyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of Aras, translated by Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition (Pirmam - The Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party 1996).
12. Archives of the Encyclopedia Authority of the Kurdistan Democratic Party
