the biography

Tawfiq Khawaja Pir was born in 1919 in the village of Miroz, in the Shirwan district of Mergasur, Erbil Governorate. He was married to Khuzaym Muhammad Karim before going to the Soviet Union. They had a son (Raouf Tawfiq, 1945) and a daughter (Halima Tawfiq, 1946). When the coup against the monarchy took place, and a pardon was issued for Barzani's comrades, General Mustafa Barzani gave his comrades the choice between returning to Iraq or remaining in the Soviet Union. He did not return with his comrades to Kurdistan in 1959, but returned to Kurdistan in 1990 and resided in Baharka, where he died on July 24, 1999.

pages of struggle

On May 15, 1947, General Mustafa Barzani met with his comrades in the village of Arkush and gave them the choice of staying or going to the Soviet Union. His comrades all decided to continue their journey to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, they accompanied General Mustafa Barzani to the Soviet Union, participating in the battles of Qatur and the Maku Bridge. After great hardship and exhaustion, they crossed the Aras River on June 18, 1947, which forms the border between Iran and the Soviet Union.

Upon their arrival in the Soviet Union on June 19, 1947, he and all his comrades were detained in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan, for forty days in an open compound surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by soldiers. They were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and transportation. By order of the Soviet government, they were later distributed to the Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar regions of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. On December 23, they received military uniforms and underwent eight hours of daily military training under the supervision of Azerbaijani officers. Simultaneously, they received four hours of daily Kurdish language lessons from some of their more educated comrades.

After Jafar Bagirov's mistreatment of his comrades, Barzani decided to move his military assembly from the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Girjuk complex near the Uzbek capital, Tashkent, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, he and his comrades were distributed in groups by train to cooperative villages in the Soviet Union and worked on kolkhoz farms (land that people rented from the government and then paid a share of to the government).

After great efforts and sending several letters from General Barzani to Stalin, Stalin finally received a letter in which Barzani spoke about the suffering of his comrades, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani’s comrades. The committee’s final decision was that they should be gathered in the city of Frivsky, so in November 1951 he went to the Soviet city of Frivsky.

Sources:

- Shah'aban Ali Shah'aban, this is a political and religious harlot, a handsome man, (Hol. 2013g).

- Omar Faruqi, Sardar Dana Zindagi and the duels of the late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Chap Dom, (Holler - Chap Khaneh and Zarat Amozesh and Parrush - 2002g).

- Karwan Mohamed Mohamed Mohjid, Barzaniyah, had a great career in the Soviet Union, and he was like that, (Solemani - Chap Khaneh) India - 2011g).

- He has the best understanding of Shahid Hassiah Mirkhan Zajczyki, 62 years of Barzani’s language. This is what you are talking about, what is the meaning of it (Holler - Chapkhana, Richanperi - 1997).

- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and his wife, Rezagari Khwazi Kurd 1931-1958, (Dehek - Chapkhaneh Khabat - 1998).

- Archive of the Encyclopedia Authority of the Kurdistan Democratic Party.