Biography

Heso Mirxan Dolemeri was born in 1927 in the village of Xerdin, affiliated with the Guretu sub-district in the Mergesor district of Erbil province. He studied in the Soviet Union and in 1954 received a bachelor's degree from Tashkent University in the Department of Road Engineering. He married in the Soviet Union and they had a daughter. After returning from the Soviet Union, in 1959 he was appointed as an employee in the Kirkuk Agriculture Department, and later transferred to Betwata. At the beginning of the great Aylul Revolution, he performed surveying work in the Shemkan and Atrosh area up to near Bablo, affiliated with the Dohuk district. He knew Kurdish, Persian, Turkish, and Russian. He passed away in 1996.

Struggle History

 After Sheikh Ahmed Barzani and his entire family were deported from their place of residence to Sulaymaniyah during the Second World War, specifically in 1940, Heso Mirxan Dolemeri was one of the people who tried to return the Barzani family, who were detained in Sulaymaniyah, to the Barzan area, and for this reason, he was wanted by the Iraqi government.

After the outbreak of the revolution, in 1943 he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution. On October 2, of the same year, he participated in the capture of the Shanader police station, on October 12, he participated in the capture of the Xerezok police station, and on September 5, 1945, he participated in the capture of the Meydan Moriki police station, and in this last battle, he was wounded. He also participated in the capture of the Sherwan Mazin police station. For this reason, on August 19, 1945, by order of the military tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was seized.

On October 11, 1945, after the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, along with Mustafa Barzani and his companions, they crossed into Eastern Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, on March 31, 1946, within the framework of the Barzan force, he defended the Republic and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in the Republic of Kurdistan.

After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and Barzani's return from Eastern Kurdistan to Southern Kurdistan, he participated in the battle of Naghadeh and the battle of Oshnavieh in Eastern Kurdistan. He was also among the Peshmerga who returned to the Sherwan and Mizuri area through Northern Kurdistan on April 19, 1947, via (Xakurke and the Barazgir plain).

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice of staying or heading towards the Soviet Union. There, all the companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the battle of the Qotur valley and the battle of the Maku bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, at the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, he crossed into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire, and were guarded by a group of soldiers. They were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate.

After the bad treatment of Jafar Bagirov towards his companions, Barzani decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk community near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and there they continued their military training.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (Kolkhozes) (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, finally a letter reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Finally, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the implementation of article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty.

 In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. He returned to Kurdistan on April 16, 1959, with his companions by the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.

 In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution. In December 1961, he was made commander of the Eastern axis of the Zawita valley. On October 21 of the same year, by the order of Mullah Mustafa Barzani to reorganize the Peshmerga forces, he was made a squad leader in the village of Sina in the Nerwa area in Dohuk. On December 12, 1961, he participated in the battle of the  Zawita  valley in the fifth axis. He also participated in the battle of the Bilbil bridge, the battle of the  Lomana -  gorge, the battle of the Slivana plain, the battle of the Germawa of Abdi Haji Agha, Sersing, and  Pirs Mountain.  and the cavalry and the battle of Spindar and the battle of Atrosh and the battle of Mount Bekheri.

In the year 1962, he was a force commander in Sheikhan, and in the same year, the wireless station of Sheikhan district was under his command. In that same year, he participated in the battle of Brifka and the battle of Mreba, and on March 23, 1962, he participated in the battle of Baadre. On May 28, 1962, he participated in the battle of Sari Bardi. On June 14-15, 1963, he participated in the battle of Sari Akre. On October 4, 1964, for the reorganization of the Peshmerga forces, he was made a force commander in Akre and Sheikhan, which was affiliated with the First Badinan Army.

On October 7, 1966, he participated in the founding congress of the Revolutionary Command Council in the village of Girdaspyan in Sulaymaniyah. On March 4, 1967, by the decision of Mullah Mustafa Barzani he became the representative of the city of Mosul and its surroundings to resolve the problems of the citizens and the Peshmerga forces, and he took office on March 16, 1967.

After the March 11 Agreement and the existence of good relations between the Revolutionary Command Council and the Iraq government, on November 3, 1971, by the order of Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, the head of the Revolutionary Command Council, he was given the rank of temporary police major and became the commander of the Ninth Border Guard Regiment of Akre and Sheikhan.

 In the year 1974, he returned to his previous job as a force commander in Akre and Sheikhan. A year later, after the collapse of the Aylul Revolution, he went to the country of Iran as a refugee and settled in the Zewe complex, then he went to Mashhad. By the order of Mullah Mustafa Barzani he moved his family to Karaj and then settled in the Zewe complex.

After that, in the year 1976 Gulan Revolution was ignited from the embers of the Aylul Revolution, he participated in the Gulan Revolution and was a force commander. In the year 1978, when an earthquake struck the Iranian city of Tabas, he was the representative of Idris Barzani  to visit the displaced Kurds of that city.

On November 4, 1979, he participated in the 9th Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, and in this congress, he became the commander of the First Sector in the border area of Mergawar and Tergawar, whose headquarters was in Razhan, and he was entrusted with the responsibility of protecting the Political Bureau.

 In the year 1983, he participated in the battle of the Valley of Martyrs and was wounded in this battle, and in the same year, he participated in the battle of Qandil and was wounded there as well. On July 19, 1988, he participated in the Khwakurk epic, and he also participated in the battle of Zozk, the battle of Handren, and the battle of Shirwan Mazn. On December 2, 1989, he participated in the 10th Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in Mergawar.

In the year 1991, he returned to Southern Kurdistan and, along with Lieutenant Babakir Zebari, was entrusted with the tasks of the uprising in the Badinan region. On August 16, 1993, he participated in the 11th Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party-Unified in Erbil, and in 1993, he was made the head of the High Social Committee of the Barzan region. Within the framework of the Golden Jubilee celebrations in 1993, he was awarded the Barzani Medal by President Masoud Barzani.

Sources:

  1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.

  2. Hamid Gawhari, The Barzani Medal is the Highest Honor Award, Volume One, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015)
  3. Hamid Gawhari, The Barzani Medal is the Highest Honor Award, Volume Two, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015)
  4. Haydar Farooq al-Samarrai, Zia Jafar and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London - Dar al-Hikma - 2016).
  5. Revolutionary Command Council Decisions No. 73, Iraqi Documents Magazine, Ministry of Information in Iraq, Issue 1960 A, Baghdad, Monday, February 1, 1971.
  6. From the memoir of the martyr commander Hasso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani - The Departure of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Roshinbiri Printing House - 1997)
  7. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931 - 1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998)
  8. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1961 - 1975, Volume Three, Part One, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2004)
  9. Encyclopedia Board Archive, Transcript of an interview with Chinar Hasso, Pirmam, June 15, 2014.