Biography

Ali Qasim Khidr Muhammad, known as Ali Shangali and Father of Sardar, was born in 1933 in Mosul Governorate, he obtained a diploma in the electrical department at the Technical Institute of Mosul, in 1953 he was appointed as a technical employee in the electricity department of the Mosul railway, in 1955 he was appointed in the Mosul railway department, in 1955 he was a member of the Workers' Syndicate of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq, in 1956 due to his participation in the demonstration against the tripartite aggression of the United Kingdom, the French Republic and the State of Israel against the Republic of Egypt in the city of Mosul he was imprisoned and dismissed from his job, in 1957 he was appointed as an employee in the telephone exchange department of the city of Mosul, in 1975 after the collapse of the September Revolution he headed to the Kingdom of Iran, on 16 September 1975 as a refugee with his family he arrived in the city of Damascus in the Syrian Arab Republic, on Saturday 5 September 2020 he passed away in the city of Duhok, he was proficient in the Kurdish, Persian and Arabic languages. 

Struggle Record

Ali Qasim Khidr Muhammad, known as Ali Shangali on 21 March 1954 he was accepted as a candidate in the ranks of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq, in 1955 he was granted the honor of membership in the ranks of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq, in May 1955 he participated in the demonstrations of the city of Mosul against the regime of the Kingdom of Iraq, in 1956 he was the head of the organizational committee affiliated with the Mosul regional committee, in 1958 he was a member of the Mosul regional committee affiliated with the Branch One committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, in 1958 with the Mosul delegation in the city of Baghdad he met with President Mustafa Barzani (1903–1979) who had returned from exile, in 1959 due to his opposition to the Party's subordination to the Iraqi Communist Party by the leftist wing within the Party he was suspended from party work for a period of six months, but with the holding of the second Baghdad conference he was returned to his work, in 1959 he was appointed as a branch member in the Branch One committee, in 1960 he was made the head of the inspection and supervision committee of the Branch One committee, in 1960 he became a member of the Branch One committee, in 1960 in the sixth staff during the period of responsibility of Salih Abdullah Najmadin (1918–1981) known as Salih Yusifi he was appointed as a member of the Branch One committee, at the beginning of 1961 he was the head of the secret line of organizations of the Kurdistan Democratic Party within the border of the Branch One committee, on 9 September 1961 he was imprisoned and tortured by the Iraqi security apparatus in the city of Mosul and later for the purpose of further investigation he was sent to the town of Zakho affiliated with Mosul Governorate and for further investigation he was sent to the town of Duhok affiliated with Mosul Governorate and was released on bail, in the month of December of the year 1962 after his release on bail he was appointed as a technical employee in the Baghdad Secretariat.

In 1962 he was the head of the secret line of organizations of the Kurdistan Democratic Party within the border of the Branch Five committee and head of the relations department of the Branch Five committee, in the month of April 1963 due to Kurdish activities he was dismissed from his job by the authorities.

 In 1963 due to the imprisonment of most of the staff of the Branch Five committee by the General Security apparatus of Iraq he took office as the head of the Branch Five committee, in the month of July 1963 with the cooperation of the military line of the Kurdistan Democratic Party along with blowing up the railway they blew up the Dora oil depot so that the Iraqi army in Tel Muhammad near the city of Baghdad would not transport ammunition and soldiers to Southern Kurdistan, on 24 February 1964 as a representative of President Mustafa Barzani (1903–1979) he visited the great Shia leader of the world Abdul Muhsin al-Hakim (1889–1970) in the city of Kufa, on the day of 4 April 1964 he participated in the broad meeting of Mawet and later by the attendees along with a delegation on 10 April 1964 they visited President Mustafa Barzani for the purpose of resolving the problems, but with the issuance of a premature statement by the Political Bureau they did not achieve success in their efforts and he sided with the President's wing. 

At the beginning of the month of June 1964 he was elected as a member of the preparatory committee for the sixth congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, in 1964 he was elected by the congress representatives as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party at the sixth congress, in 1964 he represented the second people's congress (Qaladiza Congress), in 1964 he became a member of the Revolutionary Command Council in Iraqi Kurdistan, at the beginning of the year 1965 he was appointed as the head of the Branch Four committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, in the month of February of the year 1965 as a representative of the Kurdistan Democratic Party he participated in the third conference of the Kurdistan Students Union in Qaradagh, in the month of August of the year 1965 in the sixth staff of the Branch Two committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party he was made the head of the branch committee.

In 1965 he was made the commander of the Safin Force affiliated with the Second Army, at the end of the month of November 1965 he commanded the battle of Kapki Garota in Safin Mountain against the ground forces of the Iraqi army and was successful in it, on 27 November 1965 he resisted the offensive of the First Army of the Iraqi ground forces against Shakrok Mountain within the border of Erbil Governorate and was able to stop that offensive, in the month of December of the year 1965 he was appointed as a member of the Political Bureau and a member of the Executive Office (Al-Maktab al-Tanfidhi) of the Revolutionary Command Council in Iraqi Kurdistan. 

At the beginning of the year 1966, he was the primary official in charge of the executive office administration, inquiries, guards of the executive office, and receiving mail. In November 1966, he oversaw the preparations for the venue of the Seventh Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the town of Galala, Erbil Governorate. In the year 1966, he was elected by the congress representatives as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party at the Seventh Congress. In the year 1966, he became the administrative head of the executive office at the Revolutionary Command Council in Iraqi Kurdistan. In the year 1966, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. In November 1966, he resigned from the position of Political Bureau member. In the year 1966, he was the head of the organizations of the Fifth Branch Committee. In March 1967, for the second time, he accompanied President Masoud Barzani as he carried a letter from President Mustafa Barzani to the Grand Ayatollah Abdul-Muhsin al-Hakim (1889–1970) in the city of Najaf. On the 15 of April 1967, under the supervision of President Mustafa Barzani he was a representative at the Kani Samak military-political conference in Erbil. In November 1967, an arrest warrant was issued for him by the Iraqi Military Intelligence Agency on charges of killing Jalal Talabani. In February 1968, he was appointed as the head of the Third Branch Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. In the year 1968, he became the commander of the Qaradagh Force, affiliated with the Third Army. On the 13 of October 1968, he commanded the counter-attack against the Ibrahim Ahmad-Jalal Talabani group on Mount Salbat, affiliated with Kirkuk Governorate, which is known as the Six-Hour Battle. In the year 1970, he was elected by the congress representatives as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party at the Eighth Congress. In the year 1970, in the first meeting of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau. At the end of the year 1970, in the eleventh staff, he was the head of the First Branch Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. In the year 1970, he was an instructor for the secret organization course of the third session of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Cadre Training School in Baghdad.

On the 7 of December 1970, he participated in the opening of the main headquarters of the Kurdistan Women's Union in Baghdad. In the year 1971, he was an instructor for the third session of the Cadre Training School in Baghdad. On Monday, the 1 of February 1971, he participated in the graduation ceremony of the third session of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Cadre Training School at the Fifth Branch Committee headquarters in Baghdad. On Thursday, the 3 of June 1971, within the administrative borders of Mosul Governorate, he welcomed a delegation from the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party. On the 16 of August 1971, at the golden jubilee ceremony of the 25-year anniversary of the founding of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, he delivered a speech on behalf of the branch committee as the head of the First Branch Committee. At the end of April 1972, he delivered a special letter from President Mustafa Barzani secretly to Hafez al-Assad, the President of the Syrian Arab Republic, for the purpose of cooperation and support. On the 13 of July 1972, he was retired by an order of the Revolutionary Command Council.

In the middle of October 1972, in the village of Dawdiya, affiliated with Dohuk Governorate, and on the orders of President Mustafa Barzani he participated in the Dawdiya Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in Syria (Phase Leadership - Al-Marhaliyah). 

On the 17 of June 1973, representing President Mustafa Barzani he participated in the funeral of Bishop Mario Alla, a member of the Revolutionary Command Council in Iraqi Kurdistan. From the 16 to the 19 of August 1973, in Berlin, he participated in the opening of the sixteenth congress of the Kurdistan Students Society in Europe (K.S.S.E) and delivered a speech on behalf of the First Branch Committee. On the 18 of August 1973, he delivered a memorandum from the President of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, General Mustafa Barzani regarding the Iraqi army's stockpile of poison gas to the International Committee of the Red Cross in Geneva (Switzerland). In the middle of June 1973, representing President Mustafa Barzani he attended the funeral of Bishop Andreas Theodorus Ayud Barwari (1938–1973) in Baghdad, who was a member of the Revolutionary Command Council in Iraqi Kurdistan. On the 1 of January 1975, he was appointed as the head of the Fifth Branch Committee. In the year 1974, at the start of the war between the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, he joined the ranks of the Peshmerga Forces.

On the 29 of March 1977, he announced the founding committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Union. On the 9 of June 1977, he announced the declaration of the founding of the Kurdistan Democratic Union and became the Secretary-General of the party. In the year 1978, he attempted to resolve the problem between the interim leadership of the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, but was unsuccessful. In the year 1979, he was removed from the ranks of the party at the Ninth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, and on the 20 of January 1980, in a letter to President Masoud Barzani he expressed his dissatisfaction. In the year 1981, he provided training and exercise assistance to the militants of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in the Syrian Arab Republic. In the year 1981, for the purpose of coordination and exchange of views regarding the situation in Southern Kurdistan, he visited the Political Bureau of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the village of Rajan in Eastern Kurdistan.

On 14 December 1984 he met with Muammar Gaddafi, the leader of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, in Tripoli. On 17 December 1986 he met with officials of the United Nations in New York. From 15 to 17 March 1991 he participated as the Secretary-General of the Kurdistan Democratic Union in the International Conference on the Kurdish Issue in Stockholm (Kingdom of Sweden). In the year 1992 he was a member of the advisory board of the Iraqi Opposition Conference (Salahaddin Conference). On 26 May 1992 as the Secretary-General of the Kurdistan Democratic Union, he signed a cooperation agreement with the Iraqi National Accord and the Iraqi Turkmen National Party. In the year 1992 he ran for the Kurdistan National Assembly on the Unity list. On 9 June 1993 he proposed his return to the ranks of the Kurdistan Democratic Party to the Duhok Conference of the Kurdistan Democratic Union and dissolved the Kurdistan Democratic Union. In the year 1993 he was elected by the Congress representatives as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Unified at the Eleventh Congress. In the middle of September 1995 he was a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Unified delegation to visit the Syrian Arab Republic. 

 On 29 June 1996 accompanied by President Masoud Barzani he participated in the first graduation ceremony of the University of Duhok. In the year 1997 he became the advisor for Arab relations to the President of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. On 1 September 1998 by an order from President Masoud Barzani he was appointed as the President's advisor for Arab relations. On Sunday, 29 November 1998 accompanied by Hoshyar Mahmoud Mohammed, known as Hoshyar Zebari, they were received by Abdullah al-Ahmar, the Assistant Secretary-General of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Syria. On Wednesday, 2 December 1998 accompanied by Hoshyar Mahmoud, known as Hoshyar Zebari, they were received by Abdul Halim Khaddam, the Vice President of the Syrian Arab Republic, in Damascus. On Wednesday, 24 February 1999 he was a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Unified delegation to visit Amman for the purpose of offering condolences for the passing of Shah Hussein bin Talal ( - 1999).

In the year 1999 he was a representative at the Twelfth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in Erbil. On Wednesday, 13 October 1999 at the Twelfth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, and due to his struggle in the September Revolution, Gulan Revolution, the uprising phase of Southern Kurdistan, and the sovereignty phase, he was awarded the Barzani the Immortal Medal by President Masoud Barzani. On 24 March 2000 in Erbil he was elected as a member of the executive board of the Kurdish-Arab Friendship Association. In the year 2010 he was a representative at the Thirteenth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in Erbil.

Among his works:

  1. The Kurdish Liberation Movement: Positions and Opinions - 1997 AD.

  2. Papers from the Kurdistan Archive - 2007.

  3. The Kurdish Issue and the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in Iraq - 2006 AD - Part One.

  4. The Kurdish Issue and the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in Iraq - 2009 AD - Part Two. 

  5. The Kurdish Issue and the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in Iraq - 2012 AD - Part Three.

  6. The Truth of the September 11 Revolution 1961 - 2013 AD.

  7. Pages from the Spring of My Memory in the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 2015 AD.

  8. Lights on the Truth of the Relations of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (P.K.K) with Syria.

  9. Facts and Documents about the Kurdish National Conference - 1996.

Sources:

  1. Archive of the Encyclopedia Board of the Kurdistan Democratic Party.

  2. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement, Volume Three, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2002 AD), pp. 144, 253. 

  3. Ali Singari, Papers from the Kurdistan Archive, (Duhok - Spirez House for Printing and Publishing - Khani Press - 2007 AD).

  4. Ali Singari, The Kurdish Issue and the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in Iraq, Part One, (Erbil - Haji Hashem Press - 2006 AD).

  5. Ali Singari, The Truth of the September 11 Revolution 1961, (Duhok - Khani Press - 2013 AD).

  6. Ali Singari, The Kurdish Liberation Movement: Positions and Opinions, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1997 AD).

  7. Ali Singari, The Truth of the September 11 Revolution 1961, (Duhok - Khani Press - 2013 AD).

  8. Ali Singari, Facts and Documents about the Kurdish National Conference, (No place - 2013 AD).

  9. Ali Singari, The Kurdish Issue and the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in Iraq, Part Three, (Duhok - Khani Press - 2012 AD). 

  10. Ali Singari, The Kurdish Issue and the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in Iraq, Part Three, (Duhok - Khani Press - 2012 AD). 

  11. Ali Singari, Pages from the Spring of My Memory in the Kurdistan Democratic Party, (Duhok - Khani Press - 2015 AD).

  12. Hamid Gawhari, Barzani Medal: The Highest Award of Appreciation, Book Three, (Erbil - Barzani Charity Foundation - 2019 AD), pp. 15 - 20.

  13. Ahmed Banikhalani, My Memoirs, (Stockholm - 1997 AD), pp. 223 - 224.

  14. Shwan Hussein Shink Balaki, Jawhar Namiq Salim 1946 - 2011 Life, Works, and Political Role, University of Soran, Faculty of Arts, 2016 AD, (Unpublished Master's Thesis), p. 55.

  15. Suleiman Mustafa Hassan, The Kurds and the First Experience, (Erbil - Karo Press - 2017 AD), p. 280.

  16. Shaban Saeed Mohammed, Me, Struggle, and the Waves of Sorrow, (Duhok - College of Sharia Press - 2000 AD), p. 47.

  17. Shakib Aqrawi, Years of Ordeal in Kurdistan: The Most Important Political and Military Events in Kurdistan and Iraq from 1958 to 1980, Second Edition, (Erbil - Manara Press - 2007 AD), p. 157.

  18. Ismet Cherif Vanly, Iraqi Kurdistan: A National Identity (A Study in the 1961 Revolution), translated by Suad Mohammed Khadr, (Sulaymaniyah - Jin Institution - Shvan Press - 2012 AD), p. 316.

  19. Revolutionary Command Council Decision No. 1319, Iraqi Gazette, Ministry of Information in Iraq, Issue 1933, Baghdad, Wednesday, 4 November 1970 AD, p. 2.

  20. Branch Two, Branch Two in Half a Century of Struggle, (Erbil - Aras Press - 2010 AD), p. 39.

  21. Website of Branch One of the Kurdistan Democratic Party: www.pdk - leqa1.com

  22. Najm al-Din al-Yousifi, The Glorious September Revolution, (Duhok - First Branch of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Unified - College of Sharia Press - 1995 AD), pp. 20, 26, 32.