Biography

Muhammad Amin Saeed was born in 1927 in the village of Ziwa, affiliated with the Barzan district. After the outbreak of the first Barzan revolution in Southern Kurdistan in (1931-1932), he was displaced to the Country of Turkey in his childhood. After the collapse of the Aylul Revolution he was displaced to the Country of Iran and returned to Kurdistan in 1979.

Struggle Record

In 1943, after the return of Mullah Mustafa Barzani from Sulaymaniyah to the Barzan region and the outbreak of the Second Barzan Revolution (1943-1945), he joined the ranks of the revolutionary army and participated in the battles to capture the police stations in the Barzan region. In 1945, after the collapse of the revolution, he was displaced along with the Barzani fighters and families to Eastern Kurdistan (Iran), and after the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad at the beginning of 1946, he became a Peshmerga of the Republic in the Barzan force. After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in December 1946, along with the Barzan revolutionary army led by General Mustafa Barzani, after several battles and struggles against the Imperial Army of Iran, he returned to Southern Kurdistan through the Nazdardagh region at the Iran-Iraq-Turkey border triangle and settled in the ranks of the army in the Mazuri tribe region.

On May 6, 1947, after the historic decision of General Mustafa Barzani at the Argosh meeting, not to surrender to the Iraq government and to march towards the Soviet Union, he decided to go along with the Barzan revolutionary army with more than five hundred fighters led by General Mustafa Barzani and became one of the companions of Barzani to the Soviet Union. During 28 days of continuous marching through the rugged nature of the road and military confrontations with the armies of the three countries of Iraq, Turkey, and Iran, and after their success in the famous battle of the Shute Plain and their crossing of the Qizildagh bridge in Maku, he finally crossed the Aras River and the border of the Soviet Union on June 18 along with the Barzani fighters.

After crossing the border, he was transferred by the Soviets along with all the Barzani fighters as prisoners of war to the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan. After Moscow decided to accept the Barzanis as refugees and after the agreement between General Mustafa Barzani and Jafar Baghirov, the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, he was transferred along with all the Barzani fighters to a military camp on the Caspian Sea near Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, and was subjected to intensive military training by Azerbaijani officers, and there they were also taught to read and write the Kurdish language by Kurdish officers.

After the deterioration of the relationship between General Mustafa Barzani and Jafar Baghirov and the appearance of Baghirov's bad intentions and suspicion towards the Barzanis, he was transferred along with all the Barzani fighters on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex in the Republic of Uzbekistan, where he was subjected to military training for a second time on a temporary basis.

In March 1949, after the conspiracies of Baghirov and Beria, Stalin's assistant, the Barzani fighters were separated from each other and distributed by train in groups to the villages and collective farms of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and to earn their living, they were subjected to forced labor and hard daily work like German prisoners.

After much effort and the sending of several letters by General Mustafa Barzani to the Kremlin Palace and the authorities of the Soviet Union, finally a letter from Barzani reached Stalin, the President of the Soviet Union. After the arrival of Barzani's letter, Stalin decided to form a committee to investigate the Situation of the Barzanis, and finally, in 1951, all the Barzanis were gathered together again and settled in the city of Vrevsky on the Black Sea in today's southern Russia.

After 11 years of staying in the Soviet Union, in 1958, the monarchy in Iraq was overthrown and the country's management system was established as a republic led by Abdul Karim Qasim, and they took power in Iraq. With the coming to power of the republicans, the way for the return of the Barzanis from the Soviet Union was opened, and on April 16, 1959, he returned to Southern Kurdistan along with all the Barzani fighters by the ship Gruziya through the port of Basra.

In 1961, after the deterioration of the relationship between Barzani and Abdul Karim Qasim and the government's reneging on the promises it had made to the Kurds, the Kurdish national revolution broke out and Muhammad Amin Saeed joined the ranks of the Peshmerga Forces and participated in the battles.

Sources:

1-Dangi Peshmerga Magazine, Issue 35, November 30, 2000, Veteran Peshmerga: Interview by Miqdad Shaswari with Muhammad Amin Saeed Osman, Darbutke, p. 16-17.

2-Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, (Pirmam - Khabat Printing House - 1996), p. 16, 32.

3-Archive of the Encyclopedia Committee of Kurdistan Democratic Party.