the biography
He was born in 1920 in the village of Barzan, which belongs to the Barzan district in the Mergasur district of Erbil Governorate. Before moving to the Soviet Union, he married Maryam Omar Yassin. He studied in the Soviet Union and obtained a certificate from the Institute - Agricultural Department. He married Jamila Muhammad Mirza in the Soviet Union in 1959. He was appointed in 1959 as a director in the Erbil Agriculture Department. He is fluent in Kurdish, Arabic, and Russian.
pages of struggle
In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolt and participated in the battles. On August 19, 1945, all his movable and immovable property was confiscated by order of the Iraqi Military Court. On October 11, 1945, after the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolt, he moved to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he joined the Peshmerga forces of Barzani, which were part of the army of the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in the Democratic Republic of Kurdistan.
He was among the Peshmerga who returned on 19/4/1947 to the Shirwan and Mazuri regions via (Khakurk and the Barazkara Plain) through the lands of northern Kurdistan.
Upon their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his comrades in the village of Arkush on May 15, 1947, and gave them the choice of staying or going to the Soviet Union. There, all his comrades decided to continue their journey to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, they accompanied General Mustafa Barzani to the Soviet Union, participating in the battles of Wadi Qatur and the Maku Bridge. After great hardship and exhaustion, they crossed the Aras River on June 18, 1947, which forms the border between Iran and the Soviet Union.
After arriving in the Soviet Union on June 19, 1947, he and all his comrades were detained in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan, for forty days in an open compound surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by soldiers. They were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and transportation. By order of the Soviet government, they were later distributed to the Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar regions of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. On December 23, they received their military uniforms and underwent eight hours of daily military training under the supervision of Azerbaijani officers. Simultaneously, they received four hours of daily Kurdish language lessons from some of their more educated comrades.
After Jafar Bagirov's mistreatment of his comrades, Barzani decided to move his military assembly from Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Girjuk complex near the Uzbek capital, Tashkent, where they continued their military training.
In March 1949, he and his comrades were distributed in groups by train to cooperative villages in the Soviet Union and worked on kolkhoz farms (land that people rented from the government and then paid a share of to the government).
After great efforts and sending several letters from General Barzani to Stalin, Stalin finally received a letter in which Barzani spoke about the suffering of his comrades, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani’s comrades. The committee’s final decision was that they should be gathered in the city of Frivsky, so in November 1951 he went to the Soviet city of Frivsky.
Following the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani on February 25, 1959, a general amnesty included Barzani and his companions according to Articles (3 and 7) and Paragraph (a) of Article (10), and the application of Article (11) based on Law No. (19) as amended in 1959.
The Republic of Iraq was founded in 1958 under the leadership of Abdul Karim Qasim, and on April 16, 1959, he returned with his companions to Kurdistan on board the ship Crusia via the port of Basra in southern Iraq.
In 1961, he participated in the September Revolution and was responsible for the sick and wounded. In 1963, he participated in the battles of Sefin, Birs, and Sangasar. From June 12, 1963, to December 20, 1963, his wife, Jamila Muhammad, and their six children were arrested by the Iraqi government in Erbil on charges of accompanying her husband, Mustafa Barzani, and being a Peshmerga fighter. She was then placed under surveillance in the Sidawa neighborhood.
Sources
1. Rikari Mzuri, Russian Women, Deportation, Anfal, and Genocide (Erbil - Al-Manara Press - 2010).
2. Shaaban Ali Shaaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rozhlat Press - 2013 AD).
3. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, (Pirmam - Khabat Press - 1996).
4. Saleh Yousef Soufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press, 2013).
5. Saleh Yousef Soufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press, 2013).
6. Omar Farooqi, Sardar Dana Zindagi and the duels of the late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Chap Dom, (Holler - Chap Khaneh and Zarat Amuzh and Parrush - 2002g).
7. Abdul Rahman Al-Mulla Habib Abu Bakr, The Barzan Tribe between 1931 - 1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001 AD).
8. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviets, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Baywand Press - 2011 AD).
9. From the memoirs of the martyred leader Haso Mirkhan Zazouki, 62 days with Barzani, The Barzanis went to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Al-Thaqafa Press - 1997 AD).
10. Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rasheed Publishing - 1979).
11. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok, Khabat Press, 1998).
12. Najaf Qoli Basyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of Aras, translated by Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition (Pirmam - The Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party 1996).
13. Archive of the Encyclopedia Authority of the Kurdistan Democratic Party.
15- Ismail Gundezhori, Russian women whose husbands were Peshmerga and were subjected to mass arrest, the mouthpiece of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, Khabat Newspaper, Issue 3461, Erbil, May 3, 2010.
