Biography

Omar Hado Omar Shanader was born in 1925 in the village of Shanader, Goratu district, Mergasuri district, Erbil province, and married in the Soviet Union. He studied there and graduated from the military institute. In 1959 he was employed in the Directorate of Agriculture. He knew Kurdish, Turkish and Russian. He died on May 3, 1995 in Shanadar village.

The struggle

After the outbreak of the Second Barzan Revolution, Sheikh Omar Shanader joined the ranks of the Kurdistan Revolution in 1943. On August 19, 1945, the Military Court ordered the confiscation of all his property.

On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, he was arrested Mustafa Barzani and his comrades crossed to East Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Kurdistan Democratic Republic in Mahabad, on March 31, 1946, he defended the republic within the Barzan forces.

After the collapse of the Kurdistan Republic in Mahabad and Barzani's return from East Kurdistan to South Kurdistan, he participated in the Battle of Naghdeh and the Battle of Shino in East Kurdistan.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his comrades in Argosh village on May 6, 1947 and instructed them to stay or go to the Soviet Union Mustafa Barzani He participated in the Battle of Qtur People and the Battle of Mako Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, he crossed the Aras River on June 18, 1947, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his comrades were detained in Nakhchevan, Azerbaijan, for forty days in an open community surrounded by barbed wire by a group of soldiers They were guarded and treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing and transportation. They were later divided into Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh and Kalbajar regions of Azerbaijan by the decision of the Soviet government. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a military base on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan They have been militarized. At the same time, they were taught Kurdish for four hours a day by some of their educated comrades.

After the mistreatment of his comrades, Jafar Bakirov decided to move his military camp from the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948 to the community of Chirchuk near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued military training.

In March 1949, he and his comrades were distributed by train to the villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the farms of the kolkhozes (land that people rented from the government and then paid back to the government).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, Stalin finally received a letter in which Barzani talked about the suffering of his comrades and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's comrades November 1951 Moves to Vrevisky, Soviet Union.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of the general Mustafa BarzaniOn February 25, 1959, he and his comrades were granted a general amnesty under Articles 3 and 7, paragraph (a) of Article 10 and Article 11 of the 1959 Amended Law.

In 1958, the Iraqi Republic was established under the leadership of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his comrades on the ship Georgia, via the port of Basra in the south of the Iraqi Republic.

 1961 Participation The September RevolutionHe participated in the battles of Mount Pirs and Bjil. On the orders of the mullah Mustafa Barzani He moved to Pishdar with his three brothers. In 1975, after the collapse of the September Revolution, he fled to Iran as a refugee and in 1994 returned to South Kurdistan.

Sources :

1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.

2. Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Publishing House - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2004).
3. Haider Farooq al-Samarai, Zia Jaafar and the Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London – Dar al-Hikma – 2016).
4. Text of the resolution of the General Amnesty Committee with respect to the martyrs of the Barzan Revolution, Rzgari Magazine, No. 3, 2, Rabta Printing House, Baghdad, April 1,
5. Massoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998).