Biography

Judge Rashid Abdulqadir Salim, known as Rashid Abdulqadir Hamawi and Zagros, was born in 1922 in the city of Erbil, was admitted to the Baghdad College of Law in 1944, obtained a bachelor's degree from the Baghdad College of Law in 1948, and was engaged in legal practice in 1948.

 He was a professor in the Law Department of the University of Baghdad. On November 22, 1958, by a republican decree and the signature of the Sovereignty Council of Iraq, he was appointed as a judge in Tuz Khurmatu, affiliated with Kirkuk Governorate. On December 29, 1958, by a republican decree and the signature of the Sovereignty Council of Iraq, he was designated as a first-class criminal judge. In December 1973, he was a judge at the First Court of First Instance in Duhok and head of the Audit Committee in Duhok Governorate. In mid-1973, he was the head of the Erbil Major Crimes Court. In 1978, he was the head of the Audit Committee of the Ministry of Justice. In the Year 1979, he was the Deputy President of the Court of Appeal of the Kurdistan Autonomous Region. In 1980, he was designated by the High Supervisory Board for Elections of the Kurdistan Autonomous Region as the head of the first region of Erbil. In 1982, he was the President of the Court of Appeal of the Kurdistan Autonomous Region, and he was retired in 1988.

 From December 23 to 28, 1992, he was appointed by the Kurdistan Front as a member of the fifteen-person committee for drafting the Kurdistan National Assembly Law. In 1992, he was a member of the thirteen-person committee of judges and jurists to oversee the election process of the first term of the Kurdistan National Assembly. In 1992, he was a member of the three-person legal advisory committee of the Kurdistan National Assembly. On January 16, 1993, by decision number 48, he was designated as the President of the Court of Appeal of the Kurdistan Region and took the legal oath before the Kurdistan National Assembly. In October 1994, at the official invitation of Princeton University in the state of New Jersey in the United States of America, he participated in the university's conference and spoke about the future of the constitution in Iraq after the Ba'ath regime and about the rights of the Kurd. On July 25, 1999, as the President of the Court of Appeal, he was received at the special headquarters of Dr. Roj Nuri Sadiq, known as Roj Shaways, the Prime Minister of the Kurdistan Regional Government. In 2001, he was a judge and was the President of the Court of Cassation of the Kurdistan Region. In 2005, he was retired by the Kurdistan Regional Government. He passed away on June 12, 2005, in the city of Erbil. He was proficient in the Kurdish and Arabic languages.

Struggle Record

In 1939, he was among the founders of the Hiwa Star Association in Erbil Governorate. In 1939, he joined the ranks of the Darkar Association. In 1939, he joined the ranks of the Kurdish Hiwa Party and was one of its active members in Erbil, known by the secret name Zagros, and worked in the communications department between Erbil and Mosul. In mid-1941, due to his support for the movement of Rashid Ali (1893-1965), known as Rashid Gailani, and his participation in the demonstrations in the city of Erbil, he was imprisoned by the authorities of the Kingdom of Iraq at the request of the officials of the United Kingdom.

 In 1942, he was one of the members of the first (Marxist-Leninist) cell in the city of Erbil. In 1942, following the arrest of Dr. Jafar Muhammad Karim (1910-2000), known as Dr. Jafar Fayli, lawyer Awni Yusuf Ahmed (1908-1988), and Hassan Taha Abdulaziz (1915-1999), known as Hassan Katani, he supervised the student demonstration in the city of Erbil and was imprisoned until he was later released on a bail of 200 dinars, which was a very large sum of money at that time. In 1944, a joint meeting of the Nation Association and (Unity of Struggle) was held at his house in the city of Erbil for the purpose of unification. In 1945, he was a member of the political bureau of the Communist Party in Iraqi Kurdistan (Revolution Party). In 1945, he joined the ranks of the Kurdish Rizgari Party. In 1945, he was a member of the editorial board of the Rizgari newspaper, the organ of the Kurdish Rizgari Party. In 1946, representing the Kurdish Rizgari Party, he collected donations for the Republic of Kurdistan among Kurdish students in the city of Baghdad. In early summer 1946, he was the representative of the Second Congress for the dissolution of the Communist Party in Iraqi Kurdistan (Revolution Party) in the city of Baghdad and voted to join the Kurdistan Democratic Party.

In 1946, he was elected by the congress representatives as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (First Congress). In 1946, he was one of the officials of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in Erbil Governorate. In 1948, against the government of the Kingdom of Iraq, he was the representative of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the National Cooperation Committee, which consisted of the National Democratic Party, the Iraqi Communist Party, the Independence Party, the People's Party, and the Kurdistan Democratic Party, who were working against the Portsmouth Treaty that had been concluded between the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Iraq. In 1948, he was wounded by the bullets of the police of the Kingdom of Iraq during the demonstrations in the city of Baghdad against the Portsmouth Treaty. In 1948, he was the head of the organizations of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in all colleges and institutes of Baghdad.

 In the year 1948, following the confessions of Malik Saif, a member of the leadership of the Iraqi Communist Party, he was imprisoned and sentenced by the first military tribunal to three years of hard labor and two years under police surveillance, and was imprisoned in the Nu'rat Salman desert prison. In the year 1951, he was released from prison and exiled to the town of Anah in western Iraq. In the year 1953, he was exiled for a short period to the towns of Khurmatu and Khanaqin, and was exiled for a period to the city of Kirkuk. In the year 1953, during the uprising of the farmers of the Erbil plain against the landlords, he voluntarily acted as a lawyer for the prisoners. In the year 1953, he was elected by the congress representatives as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq (Third Congress). In the year 1955, he quit party work. In the year 1958, in the city of Baghdad, he welcomed President Mustafa Barzani and his comrades who returned from the Soviet Union to the homeland's soil. In the year 1964, he had secret contact with the leadership of the Aylul Revolution.  

In the year 1999, he supported the Kurdistan Democratic Party. On Wednesday, August 16, 2000, in Brayati newspaper, the organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party , he published an article. In the year 2000, in Brayati newspaper, the organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party , he wrote a series of articles about President Mustafa Barzani. In the month of February 2001, he protested the martyrdom of teacher Franso Toma Kanun (1934-2001), known as Franso Hariri, at the hands of the (Ansar al-Islam) group.

Sources:

  1. Ibrahim Ahmad, A Study on the Struggle of Kaka Omar Dababa, Kurdistani Nwe newspaper, organ of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, No. 303, second year, Erbil, Friday, January 29, 1993 AD, p. 5.

  2. Aziz Hassan al-Barzani, The Kurdish National Liberation Movement in Iraqi Kurdistan 1939-1945, (Duhok - Dar Spirez for Printing and Publishing - Ministry of Education Press - 2002 AD), pp. 91, 96.

  3. Rashid Abdulqadir, The Immortal Barzani is a Symbol of Justice, Brayati newspaper, organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, No. 3050, Erbil, Tuesday, March 14, 2000 AD, p. 2.

  4. Rashid Abdulqadir, Every Nation Has Its Own Historical Hero, Brayati newspaper, organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, No. 3201, Erbil, Saturday, 2000 AD, p. 3. 

  5. Botan Tahsin, The Party Includes All Strata of the People and All Minorities and Different Religions, Brayati newspaper, organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Unified, No. 2901, Erbil, Monday, August 16, 1999 AD, p. 2.

  6. The Court of Cassation of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq Condemns the Crime of the Martyrdom of the Militant Franso Hariri, Golan Institution for Culture and Media, Issue 57, fifth year, Erbil, February 28, 2001 AD, p. 16.

  7. Mahdi Muhammad Qadir, Political Developments in Iraqi Kurdistan 1945-1958, (Sulaymaniyah - Kurdistan Center for Strategic Studies - 2005 AD), pp. 50-51, 72, 92, 101, 106, 122, 123-125, 132, 155, 266, 354.

  8. Shwan Muhammad-Amin Taha Khoshnaw, Erbil Between the Years (1958-1963) A Study on the Political Situation, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2012 AD), p. 55.

  9. Jamal Baban, Sulaymaniyah My Radiant City, Volume Three, second edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Aras Press - 2012 AD), pp. 320, 324.

  10. Shwan Muhammad-Amin Taha Khoshnaw, Erbil Between the Years 1963-1970 A Historical Study on the Political Situation, (Erbil - Salahaddin University Press - 2016 AD), pp. 59, 67, 69, 71.

  11. Mam Jalal, The Year of the Student Congress, Part Five, Khak Magazine, Issue 14, second year, Sulaymaniyah, Dalir Offset Press, August 10, 1998 AD, p. 7.

  12. Sulaiman Mustafa Hassan, The Kurds and the First Experience, (Erbil - Karo Press - 2017 AD), p. 40.

  13. Prepared by: Mumtaz al-Haidari, Selections from the Memoirs of Salih al-Haidari, second edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Ranj Press - 2004 AD), pp. 13-14, 16, 43, 46, 49, 325.

  14. Announcement, Al-Ta'akhi newspaper, Issue 1314, Baghdad, Times Press, Sunday, August 19, 1973 AD, p. 13. 

  15. B. Hawraz, A Brief Study on the Establishment and Dissolution of the Revolution and Liberation Party in Southern Kurdistan, (No place - May 1993 AD), p. 10.

  16. Botan Tahsin, The Party Includes All Strata of the People and All Nationalities and Different Religions, Brayati newspaper, organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, No. 2901, Erbil, Monday, August 16, 1999 AD, p. 2.

  17. There is an opinion that says Kurdistan should be a confederation, Gulan newspaper, Issue 25, Erbil, October 6, 1994 AD, p. 1. 

  18. Bakr Shakir Karwani, Ali Fattah Dizayi the Poet, Writer, and Militant, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture - 2004 AD), pp. 25, 53-54.

  19. Farhad Awni, 36 Letters and Several Personalities from My Diwan, (Erbil - Salahaddin University Press - 2019 AD), p. 59.

  20. Muhammad Sahl Taqoush, History of the Kurds 637-2015, (Beirut - Dar al-Nafa'is for Printing, Publishing and Distribution - 2015 AD), pp. 201, 203. 

  21. Statement No. 19, Al-Waqa'i al-Iraqiya newspaper, Ministry of Information in Iraq, Issue 2302, sixteenth year, Baghdad, Monday, December 10, 1973 AD, p. 11.

  22. Statement No. 54, Al-Waqa'i al-Iraqiya newspaper, Ministry of Justice, Issue 2691, twenty-first year, Baghdad, Monday, January 8, 1979 AD, p. 21. 

  23. Statement No. 6, Al-Waqa'i al-Iraqiya newspaper, Ministry of Justice, Issue 2791, twenty-third year, Baghdad, August 25, 1980 AD, p. 21.

  24. Statement of the Minister of Finance No. 4, Al-Waqa'i al-Iraqiya newspaper, Ministry of Justice, Issue 2657, twentieth year, Baghdad, Monday, June 5, 1978 AD, p. 29.

  25. Statement, Al-Waqa'i al-Iraqiya newspaper, Ministry of Information in Iraq, Issue 2298, sixteenth year, Baghdad, Monday, November 26, 1973 AD, p. 3.

  26. The Gift of the Brusk Erbil Club, Hataw Magazine, Issue 121, year 4, Erbil, Kurdistan Press, Friday, January 31, 1958 AD, p. 6.

  27. The Mourning Ceremony for the Late Judge Rashid Was Held, Khabat newspaper, organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, No. 1863, Erbil, Saturday, July 23, 2005 AD, pp. 1, 14. 

  28. Habib Muhammad Karim, History of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq (In Key Milestones) 1946-1993, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998 AD), pp. 35, 41, 50.

  29. Hassan Latif al-Zubaidi, Encyclopedia of Iraqi Parties, (Beirut - Al-Arif Institution for Publications - 2007 AD), pp. 338, 348, 459.

  30. The Court of Cassation of the Kurdistan Region Was Formed, Names and Lives of the Ministers of the Kurdistan Government, Kurdistani Nwe newspaper, organ of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, No. 292, second year, Erbil, Sunday, January 7, 1993 AD, p. 1.

  31. Rashid Abdulqadir, A Word on August 16, Brayati newspaper, organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, No. 3157, Erbil, Wednesday, August 16, 2000, p. 3. 

  32. Roshna Ali, in the fortieth day memorial of Judge Rashid Abdulqadir, Khabat newspaper, organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, No. 1861, Erbil, Thursday, July 21, 2005, p. 11. 

  33. The President of the Kurdistan National Assembly meets with the President of the Court of Cassation, Brayati newspaper, No. 3520, Tuesday, October 23, 2001, p. 4. 

  34. Sayyid Ali Mojani, Solmaz Sedghi, Elahe Nemati ..., Culture of Contemporary Figures and Families of Iraq, (Tehran - Ezam Publishing - 1392 AH), p. 508.

  35. General Police, Criminal Investigations Directorate Division, Secret Encyclopedia of the Secret Iraqi Communist Party, Part Four, (Baghdad - Government Press - 1949), pp. 179, 182. 

  36. General Police, Criminal Investigations Directorate Division, Secret Encyclopedia of the Secret Iraqi Communist Party, Part Five, (Baghdad - Government Press - 1949), p. 215.

  37. Sha'ban Ali Sha'ban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013), pp. 103, 108. 

  38. Shilan, Hiwa Party and ... Some Memories, Kurdistan-i Nwe newspaper, No. 5, First Year, Thursday, January 30, 1992, p. 5.

  39. Tariq Jambaz, Hiwa Party in Erbil Liwa, (Erbil - Yasaparizi Magazine - Ministry of Agriculture Press - 2005), pp. 14, 16, 26, 32-34, 38, 39-41, 46, 49, 88, 118, 121. 

  40. Abduljabbar Abdulmustafa, The Experience of Frontal Work in Iraq between 1921-1958, (Baghdad - Al-Hurriya Printing House - 1978), pp. 141, 222.

  41. Abdulrazzaq Mutlaq al-Fahd, Political Parties in Iraq and Their Role in the National and Nationalist Movement 1934-1958, (Beirut - Al-Matbou'at Distribution and Publishing Company - 2011), pp. 240, 247, 249.

  42. Abdulstar Tahir Sharif, History of the Kurdistan Revolutionary Party, Second Edition, (Baghdad - Revolutionary Publications - 1979), pp. 35, 41.

  43. Ali Abdullah, History of Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq until the holding of the Third Congress, (No place - September 1968), pp. 24-25. 

  44. Faisal Dabbagh, "On the Thirty-First Anniversary of His Passing", Brayati newspaper, No. 1955, Erbil, Monday, May 30, 1994, p. 3. 

  45. Faisal al-Dabbagh and Amir Fandi, "I Was the Only Marxist in Erbil!!", Part One, Gulan Arabi Magazine, Gulan Media Institution, Issue 11, Erbil, April 25, 1997, p. 16. 

  46. Karim Zand, Kharman - Shara, (Sulaymaniyah - Azmar Printing House - 2003), p. 211.

  47. Goran Soran Faizi, The Literary Situation in the City of Erbil between the Years 1935-1958, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2006), p. 20.

  48. Marf Khaznadar, My Days of Emergence 1930-1949, Volume One, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2009), p. 118. 

  49. Mam Jalal, A Struggler with Praiseworthy Qualities, Human Traits, Rare Characteristics, and High Morals, Al-Ittihad Newspaper, The Central Newspaper of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, Issue 384, Eighth Year, Sulaymaniyah, Friday, August 5, 2000, p. 3.

  50. Mahmud Zamdar, In a Meeting with a Struggler, Khabat newspaper, organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, No. 632, Erbil, Sunday, August 16, 1992, p. 5.

  51. Muhammad Fatih, The Development of Party Life in Southern Kurdistan, (Erbil - Salahaddin University Erbil Press - 2014), pp. 373-374. 

  52. Republican Decree No. 494, Al-Waqa'i Al-Iraqiya Newspaper, Ministry of Guidance in Iraq, Issue 102, First Year, Baghdad, Government Press, Wednesday, December 31, 1958, p. 1.

  53. Republican Decree No. 625, Al-Waqa'i Al-Iraqiya Newspaper, Ministry of Guidance in Iraq, Issue 112, First Year, Baghdad, Sunday, January 18, 1959, p. 5.

  54. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement, Volume One, Second Edition, (Beirut - Kawa for Kurdish Culture - 1997), pp. 217-218.

  55. Mullah Faruq Shawani, All Kurds, Volume One, (Erbil - Roshnbiri Printing House - 1997), p. 229.

  56. Mahdi Muhammad Qadir, The Role of Kurds in the Peace Movement in Iraq 1951-1963, (Erbil - Mukriyan House for Printing and Publishing - Mukriyan Printing House - 2015), pp. 19-20.

  57. Mahdi Muhammad Qadir, Erbil in the Years 1926-1939, (Erbil - Kurdish Academy - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2013), p. 287.

  58. Nuri Talabani, Teacher Rashid Abdulqadir, the Jurist and Kurd-patriot, May Your Memory Be Good, Gulan Magazine, No. 544, Erbil, Ministry of Education Press, July 7, 2005, pp. 38-39. 

  59. Nuri Shawis, From My Memoirs, (No place - Publications of the Kurdish Democratic People's Party - 1985), p. 34.

  60. And the President of the Court of Cassation receives, Khabat newspaper, mouthpiece of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Unified, Issue 935, Erbil, Friday, July 30, 1999, p. 2.