Biography

Khalil Shekho Mamudi was born in 1928 in the village of Spindari, affiliated with the Sherwan Mazin district in the Mergasor district of Erbil Governorate. He studied in the agriculture department of the Agricultural Institute in the Soviet Union. He married Fawzia Kazim in the Soviet Union and they had three daughters and one son. He knew the Kurdish and Russian languages.

Struggle Record

On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the second Barzan revolution, he crossed into Eastern Kurdistan with Mustafa Barzani and his companions. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, he defended the Republic within the framework of the Barzan forces on March 31, 1946, and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front.

After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan, he was one of the Peshmerga who returned to the Sherwan and Mizuri region through the territory of Northern Kurdistan on April 19, 1947, via (Khwakurk and the Brazgar plain).

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, he crossed into the Soviet Union on June 18, 1947, at the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught lessons in the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate.

After Jafar Baghirov's poor treatment of his companions, it was decided to move the military camp from the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, he and his companions were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the kolkhoz farms (lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vriviski, so he went to the city of Vriviski in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the application of Article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were covered by a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he and his companions returned to Kurdistan via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq on the ship Gruzia. 

 In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and was a platoon leader. He participated in the battles of Lomana, Gali Spi, Matin Mountain, Bisfk Mountain, Zawita, and Chapanki Mountain, and was wounded in the Battle of Matin Mountain. He was martyred in 1963 on Chapanki Mountain in Barwari Bala.

Sources:
  1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
  2. Kurdistan Regional Government, Ministry of Planning, Administrative Units of the Governorates of the Kurdistan Region and the Number of Families and Population, Erbil, 2009.
  3. Salih Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Dohuk - Dohuk Governorate Printing House - 2013).
  4. Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abu Bakr, Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Printing House - 2001).
  5. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Printing House - 2011).
  6. Hataw Magazine, Issue 154, Sixth Year, Erbil, Kurdistan Printing House, Friday, April 15, 1959.
  7. From the memoir of the martyr commander Hasso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani, The Barzanis' Journey to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Rewshanbiri Printing House - 1997).
  8. Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).
  9. Muhammad Salih Pindari (Jagersoz), Cultural and Social Life of the Mizuri Bala Region, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2020).
  10. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Dohuk - Khabat Printing House - 1998).
  11. Najaf Quli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirman - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).