Biography

Iskandar Abdul-Salam was born in 1925 in the village of Che in the Dereluk sub-district, affiliated with the Amadiya district of Duhok province. Before going to the Soviet Union, he married Salma Abdullah Muhammad and they had no children, He died in 1957 in the Soviet Union.

Struggle record

On May 23, 1947, along with one of his brothers named Sharaf, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Qotur and the Battle of Maku Bridge, and after much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, towards the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were placed for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire and were guarded by a group of soldiers, and they were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, they were taught Kurdish language lessons daily for four hours by some of their companions who were literate.

After the bad treatment of his companions by Jafar Baghirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and they continued their military training there.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (Kolkhoz) (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave back the government's share).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Mustafa Barzani to Stalin, finally a letter reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and finally the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevitsk, so he went to the city of Vrevitsk in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and working with article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were covered by the general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions by the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq and settled in the village of (Aqurgan - Raywon).

He returned to the city of Vrevitsk in the Soviet Union in November 1951 . He died in 1957 in the Soviet Union.          

Sources:

  1. Archive of the Encyclopedia Board of the Kurdistan Democratic Party

  2. Kurdistan Regional Government, Ministry of Planning, Administrative Units of the Governorates of the Kurdistan Region and the Number of Families and Population, Erbil, 2009 AD.
  3. Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2004 AD).
  4. Rikari Mizuri, Women of Ross, Displacement, Anfal, and Genocide, First Edition, (Erbil - Minara Printing House - 2010 AD).
  5. Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013 AD).
  6. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, (Pirmam - Khabat Printing House - 1996 AD).
  7. Abdulrahman Malla Habib Abu Bakr, Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Printing House - 2001 AD).
  8. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Printing House - 2011 AD).
  9. In the memoir of the martyr commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani, The Barzanis' journey to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Culture Printing House - 1997 AD).
  10. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998 AD).
  11. Najaf Quli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Shores of Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirmam - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996 AD).