Biography

Isa Suwar Isa was born in 1926 in the village of Selke in the Shirwan Mazin district of Mergasor district in Erbil province. In 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution he became a refugee in Eastern Kurdistan. On March 20, 1975, Isa Suwar was martyred by traitors along with two other Peshmerga.   

Struggle Record

In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution (1943-1945). He was in the defensive trenches on Bradost Mountain against the Iraqi Army. On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he became a Peshmerga in the Barzani force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in the city of Mahabad. He participated in the battles of the Naqada and Oshnavieh fronts in the Republic of Kurdistan and was wounded in the battle of Qalatan. 

After the collapse of the Republic of Kurdistan, he was among the Peshmerga who returned to the soil of Northern Kurdistan on April 19, 1947, via the Khwakurk route and the Barazgir plain, from the village of Khwakurk to the village of Argosh and the Herki region.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 15, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. 

On May 22, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani toward the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of the Kotol (Qotur) Valley and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which lies on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and underwent eight hours of military training daily under the supervision of officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught Kurdish language lessons by some of their companions who were literate.

After the poor treatment of Barzani's companions by Jafar Baghirov, it was decided that the military camp would be moved on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk community near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training. 

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (Kolkhozes) (lands that people rented from the government and later returned the government's share). 

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions. He immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and the committee's final decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky. Therefore, Isa Suwar went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abd al-Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, Isa Suwar and his companions returned to Kurdistan via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq on the ship Grozia.

In 1959, due to carrying out a revolutionary activity in the city of Mosul, Isa Suwar was arrested and sent to the city of Sulaymaniyah, and from there he was moved to the cities of Kirkuk and Baqubah. He very fearlessly and legendarily, with the help of the party's organizations, escaped from the Iraqi security forces and returned to Barzan.

In 1961, after the outbreak of the Aylul Revolution Isa Suwar shouldered his Peshmerga weapon and participated in the revolution, accompanying the immortal Barzani in the Badinan region.

In 1962, by the order of the immortal Barzani, Isa Suwar was entrusted with the command of the Zakho border. He participated in dozens of great epics such as the epics of Ain Zala, Gali Spi, Sari Ase, Bania Nergzi, Derabuni, Peshkhabur, Kani Masi, Kharaba, Avganiye, and Mount Matin. They completely defeated the enemy on that border, which is why Isa Suwar remained in command of that border throughout the Aylul Revolution until the collapse of 1975. On March 20, 1975, Isa Suwar was martyred by traitors along with two other Peshmerga.   

Sources:

1- Hamid Gawhari, Barzani Medal, the Highest Award of Honor, Volume One, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).

2- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2004).

3- Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political Information and History, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013).

4- Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: The Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2002).

5- Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abubakr, Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Printing House - 2001).

6- Abdullah Ghafur, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil - Kurdish Academy Publications - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).

7- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Printing House - 2011).

8- From the memoirs of the martyr commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Going of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Erbil - Roshinbiri Printing House - 1997).

9- Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The Revolution of July 14, 1958 in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).

10- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998). 

11- Najaf Quli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, first edition, (Pirmam- Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party- 1996).

12- Archive of the Encyclopedia Board of the Kurdistan Democratic Party.