Biography

Huso Muhammad was born in 1916 in the village of Sheikh Sida, affiliated with the Goratu sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. He studied in the Soviet Union and in 1956 received an institute diploma in the radio department. He knew Kurdish, Persian, and Russian. He passed away in 2015.

Struggle History

In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution and participated in the battles. For this reason, on August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military martial court, all his movable and immovable property was seized. On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, he went with his family to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, as part of the Barzan force, he defended the Republic and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front.

After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and the return of Barzani from Eastern Kurdistan to Southern Kurdistan, he participated in the Battle of Naghadeh and the Battle of Oshnavieh in Eastern Kurdistan. He was also among the Peshmerga who, on April 19, 1947, returned to the Shirwan and Mazuri region through (Khwakurk and the Barazgir plain) via the territory of Northern Kurdistan.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go towards the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go towards the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours daily, they were taught the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate.

After the mistreatment of his companions by Jafar Baghirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk community near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, he and his companions were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of  General Mustafa Barzani on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article, and by applying Article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abd al-Karim Qasim. He returned to Kurdistan on April 16, 1959, with his companions on the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq. 

 In the Year 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and became a Head of Branch. In the Year 1962, he participated in the Battle of Gali Zawita and was wounded in this battle. In 1963, he participated in the Battle of Meydan Morik and was wounded in that battle due to being hit by artillery fire, and he participated in the Battle of Zozk and was wounded in that battle as well. In 1975, after the collapse of the Aylul Revolution, he went to the Kingdom of Iran as a refugee, and in 1993, he returned to Kurdistan and was later retired. On August 16, 1996, within the framework of the Golden Jubilee celebrations, due to his struggle and resistance in the Second Barzan Revolution, the Republic of Kurdistan, the journey towards the Soviet Union, and the Aylul Revolution he was awarded the Medal of the Immortal Barzani by President Masoud Barzani .

Sources:
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