Biography

Hussein Ibrahim was born in 1910 in the village of Dawidka, affiliated with the Barzan sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil Governorate. Before going to the Soviet Union, he was married; his wife's name was Gul, and they had a daughter named Amina. Hussein Ibrahim studied in the Soviet Union and received an institute diploma in the agricultural department. It was in the Soviet Union that he married Vera Ibrahim Osman, and they had a son named Ibrahim, born in 1956. In 1983, during the Anfal operation against the Barzanis, his son, Ibrahim Hussein, was forcibly disappeared by the Iraqi government in the Qushtapa complex. He knew both Kurdish and Russian languages. He passed away in 1986 in the Qushtapa complex and was buried there.

Struggle History

In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution. On November 10, 1943, he participated in the capture of the Mazne police station. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was confiscated. After the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, on October 11, 1945, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he was a Peshmerga in the Barzan force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in the Republic of Kurdistan. After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and the return of Barzani from Eastern Kurdistan to Southern Kurdistan, he was among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Mazuri region on April 19, 1947, via (Khwakurk and the Bazargir plain) through the territory of Northern Kurdistan.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or head towards the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and head towards the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which lies on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air complex surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours daily, they were taught Kurdish language lessons by some of their companions who were literate.

After Jafar Bagirov's poor treatment of his companions, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train across the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and the sending of several letters by General Mustafa Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions. He immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and eventually, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky. Therefore, the aforementioned went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and in accordance with both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article, and by applying Article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were covered by a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abd al-Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions on the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq. 

 In 1961, he participated in the September Revolution and took part in the battles. After the collapse of the September Revolution in 1976, he was displaced by the Iraqi government to Southern Iraq and settled in Diwaniya Governorate. In 1981, he was moved to the Qushtapa complex.

Sources:
  1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
    Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
  2. Haider Farooq Al-Samarrai, Zia Jafar and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London - Dar Al-Hikma - 2016).
  3. Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: The Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2002).
  4. Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abu Bakr, The Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - - 2001).
  5. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Press - 2011).
  6. From the memoirs of the martyr commander Hasso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Departure of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Culture Press - 1997).
  7. Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).
  8. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998).
  9.