Biography

Heso Salih was born in 1900 in the village of Sidan, affiliated with the Barzan sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. Before going to the Soviet Union, he was married, and his wife's name was Hajir Abdullah Tamer. They had a son named Muhammad, born in 1947. He passed away in the village of Sidan in 1993.

Struggle Record

On May 23, 1947, after the large gathering in the village of Dre and the decision to head towards the Soviet Union, he went with the force. On June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the international border of Iran with the Soviet Union. On June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were trained for eight hours daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate.

After the poor treatment by Jafar Baghirov towards his companions, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (Kolkhozes) (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was for them all to be gathered in the city of Vriviski, so he went to the city of Vriviski in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions via the ship Grozia through the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq. 

 In the year 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and in 1977 he participated in the Gulan Revolution and was a Head of Branch. In 1988, he went to the Islamic Republic of Iran as a refugee and returned to Kurdistan in 1991.

Sources:

  1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board

  2. Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
  3. Sha'ban Ali Sha'ban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2013).
  4. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Press - 2011).
  5. Hataw Magazine, Issue 154, Sixth Year, Erbil, Kurdistan Press, Friday, April 15, 1959.
  6. From the memoir of the Martyr Commander Heso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Barzanis' Journey to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Roshinbiri Press - 1997).
  7. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998).
  8. Najaf Quli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirmam - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).