Biography

Ayno Shukr Dawud, Born in 1910 in the village of Tui, affiliated with the Shirwan Mazn district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province, he was appointed as an official in the agricultural administration in 1959, and passed away in Hiran and Nazanin in 1969 while on Peshmerga duty.

Struggle Record

On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Qotur and the Battle of Maku Bridge, and after much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, towards the Soviet Union.

After their arrival in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire, guarded by a group of soldiers, and treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, some of their companions who were literate taught them Kurdish language lessons.

After the mistreatment of his companions by Jafar Bagirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, he and his companions were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the implementation of the eleventh article based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abd al-Karim Qasim, and on April 16, 1959, he and his companions returned to Kurdistan by the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq. 

    In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and in 1964 he was in the Betwata force in the Betwata area. In 1969, he passed away in Hiran and Nazanin while on Peshmerga duty.

Sources:
  1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
  2. Kurdistan Regional Government, Ministry of Planning, Administrative Units of the Governorates of the Kurdistan Region and Number of Families and Population, Erbil, 2009.
  3. Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
  4. Sha'ban Ali Sha'ban, Some Political Information and History, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2013).
  5. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, First Edition, (Pirmam - Khabat Press - 1996).
  6. Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2002).
  7. Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abu Bakr, Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001).
  8. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Press - 2011).
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  10. Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).
  11. Muhammad Salih Pendro (Jagersoz), Cultural and Social Life of the Mizoori Bala Region, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2020).
  12. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998).
  13. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1961-1975, Volume Three, Part One, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
  14. Najaf Quli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirmam - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).