In 1974, the Iraqi government withdrew from the March 11, 1970 Agreement, and war and destruction once again fell upon the Kurds in all areas of the revolution. Because the people wanted peace and a comfortable life, they were very upset by the government's stance and strongly opposed it. Therefore, with the start of the war, the entire population, including all classes, resisted the government's attack. The struggle of the pen joined the struggle of weapons more warmly. Students of the University of Sulaymaniyah, teachers, intellectuals, and revolutionary people moved to areas under the control of the revolution and rejected the Ba'ath authority. The University of Sulaymaniyah joined scientific struggle with armed struggle; in other words, both banners of science and revolution were raised together to prove to the world that war and destruction are a major obstacle to the progress of the Kurds and that oppression has occupied all aspects of the life of the Kurdish people, including science and knowledge.

Successive Iraqi regimes have always been a steel obstacle to the progress of the Kurds and have tried in every way to block the path of struggle, revolution, and progress and eventually destroy them. Therefore, on the morning of April 24, 1974, at 09:45, several warplanes bombed the city of Qeladize with banned Napalm bombs, pouring their hatred on the university, science, and the civilian population of the city. They targeted the university center, which caused a tragedy that cannot be accepted by any moral, conscientious, or humanitarian standards. In the blink of an eye, 123 people, including women, children, the elderly, students, teachers, workers, and farmers, were martyred, and more than 400 people were wounded.

This was the most tragic epic that had ever happened and joined all other epics of the struggle of the September Revolution This was a shameful gift from the Soviet Union and its Ba'athist ally government to the Kurds, which was described as the most terrifying disaster in the newspaper Le Monde on June 10, 1974.

The martyrs of this historical disaster were buried in the Qeladize cemetery, and the name of the cemetery was named after the cemetery of the martyrs of the Qeladize Bombing On one hand, this heartbreaking disaster was the shame of its perpetrators, but on the other hand, it shook the conscience of all Kurds and Kurdistan people and became a living lesson in the heart of every freedom seeker, which is commemorated every year. In the uprisings of 1982, 1983, and 1987, the anniversary of the bombing of Qeladize was accepted as a historical day, and voices of protest were raised by segments of the people against the Ba'ath regime in all cities of Kurdistan. The residents of the city of Qeladize commemorate this historical disaster every year with a march and condemn the perpetrators.

Source:
  1. Xoshawi Ali Kanyelinji, Memoirs of Aziz Qazi Hemed Surchi, Danisher Press, Erbil, 2023.
  2. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement, Vol. 3, Part 1, September Revolution 1961 – 1975, 1st Edition, 2004.
  3. Ari Karim, Some Living Pages in the September Revolution , Xebat Press, Duhok 1999.
  4. Ismail Gundejori, September Revolution in Balekayati, Rojhelat Press, 1st Edition, 2018.
  5. Ibrahim Jalal, South Kurdistan and the September Revolution Rise and Fall 1961-1975, Fourth Edition, 2021.